What’s the difference between nanotubes and graphene?

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Graphene consists of a single layer of graphite, with carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal, honeycomb lattice. Carbon nanotubes are essentially a graphene sheet rolled into a cylinder. Pure carbon atoms form the basis of both graphene and carbon nanotubes.

Both graphene and carbon nanotubes have exceptional and very similar mechanical and electronic properties.

Application differences

Composites with graphene blends can be stronger and stiffer than composites with carbon nanotubes. Graphene is also better at transferring its properties to a material with which it is mixed than carbon nanotubes. Because of its large surface area, graphene achieves more contact with the surrounding polymer material. It can also be challenging to position the nanotubes accurately and connect them. Whereas graphene is easier to connect.

Digital illustration of a graphene sheet, showcasing its hexagonal lattice structure with highlighted edges in a gradient of blue to white, set against a dark blue background, symbolizing advanced material science.

Graphene

3D render of a carbon nanotube structure, depicted as a cylindrical lattice of hexagonal graphene cells, glowing in cyan against a dark teal background, illustrating concepts in nanotechnology and materials science.

Carbon nanotube

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